Skin Patches

Skin patches are thin pads with an adhesive back that are applied to the skin rather like a plaster. Patches contain a reservoir of medicine that passes slowly from the patch through the skin and into the bloodstream.

Skin patches are used as an alternative way of getting medicines into the body. This may be useful when someone is feeling continuously sick or is unable to take medicines by mouth. Patches are also helpful for people who find it difficult to remember to take their medicines during the day and also like the fact that it is a discreet way of using a medicine.

How to use your skin patches?
1. Carefully remove the patch from its pouch, taking care not to tear the patch. Use your fingers rather than scissors to avoid damaging the patch.
2. Pull off the plastic backing to expose the adhesive. Do not touch the sticky surface of the patch.
3. Apply the patch firmly with the sticky side down to a clean, dry, non-hairy area of skin, on the area of the body as specified in the instructions on how to use your patch. Do not apply it to broken or irritated skin or spots. Don't put moisturiser, creams or powder on the skin before applying the patch, as this may stop it from sticking properly.
4. Run your finger around the edge of the patch to make sure it is fully sealed to your skin and no air or water can get in. If you have applied it properly you should be able to bathe, shower and swim without the patch falling off. (Check the printed instructions given with your patches to make sure you are allowed to do this – some patches need to be removed before swimming, showering or bathing.)
5. Change the patch as frequently as directed by your doctor or pharmacist. When applying a new patch, remove the old one first and apply the new one to a slightly different area of skin. This avoids irritating the skin.
6. To remove the patch, peel off one corner and pull the patch smoothly away from the skin. Any glue or sticky residue left on the skin can be removed with baby oil.
7. If a patch falls off, replace it with a new one and keep to your patch change days as normal. If you have just had a bath or shower wait for the skin to cool down before applying a new patch.

Special considerations for different types of patches :
• Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) patches should be applied below the waist on the buttocks or thighs. They should NOT be applied on or near the breasts.
• Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) patches should be applied to the chest or upper arm. Remember to remove each patch for four to six hours in every 24 hours to allow the body to re-sensitise to the medicine.
• Nicotine patches should be applied to the chest, upper arm or hip. Do not smoke while you are using nicotine patches.
• Fentanyl (Durogesic) patches are used for chronic, severe pain (eg due to cancer pain) and contain a powerful painkiller (opioid analgesic). Fentanyl patches should be applied to the torso or upper arm and removed after 72 hours. It is very important to dispose of used patches carefully. Read the printed instructions enclosed with the patches.

Other useful advice :
• You may get slight redness, irritation or itching of the skin where the patch has been. If this doesn't clear up, gets worse or a rash develops, consult your doctor.
• Try to avoid wearing the patch under tight clothing or elasticated waistbands.
• If you sunbathe while wearing the patch, cover the patch so it is not exposed to direct sunlight.
• Exercising or applying heat to the patch may increase the amount of medicine absorbed into the body. This can increase the risk of side effects.
• If you accidentally put on too many patches, remove the extra one(s) as soon as possible and tell your doctor immediately.
• If you forget to put a patch on, apply it as soon as you remember. Do not apply two patches at once to make up for the one you forgot.
• Never divide or cut a patch.
• Do not use patches past their expiry date.
• Store patches in a dry place at room temperature. Don't keep them in the bathroom as they may become damp or too hot.
• Don't give your medicines to anyone else to use, even if they have the same symptoms as you. They may be harmful to other people.
• If the patch accidentally sticks to the skin of another person, remove it immediately and consult your doctor.
• Always use your medicines according to the printed label on or inside the packaging and as directed by your doctor or pharmacist.
• Always keep medicines out of the reach of children.
• Dispose of used patches carefully as they will still contain some active medicine. Fold the patch so it sticks to itself and make sure the disposed patch is kept well away from children and animals.

Written by Helen Davis, Pharmacist